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TITLE: A GENERAL HISTORY FOR COLLEGES AND HIGH SCHOOLS
AUTHOR: P. V. N. MYERS
EBOOK: E00450 (O'Briens Book Cellar)

A GENERAL HISTORY FOR COLLEGES AND HIGH SCHOOLS.

BY
P. V. N. MYERS, A.M.

[Illustration: VIEW OF THE ATTIC PLAINS, WITH A GLIMPSE OF THE ACROPOLIS
OF ATHENS.--Frontispiece.]

PREFACE.

This volume is based upon my _Ancient History_ and _Mediaeval and Modern
History_. In some instances I have changed the perspective and the
proportions of the narrative; but in the main, the book is constructed
upon the same lines as those drawn for the earlier works. In dealing with
so wide a range of facts, and tracing so many historic movements, I cannot
hope that I have always avoided falling into error. I have, however, taken
the greatest care to verify statements of fact, and to give the latest
results of discovery and criticism.

Considering the very general character of the present work, an enumeration
of the books that have contributed facts to my narration, or have helped
to mould my views on this or that subject, would hardly be looked for; yet
I wish here to acknowledge my special indebtedness, in the earlier parts
of the history, to the works of George Rawlinson, Sayce, Wilkinson,
Brugsch, Grote, Curtius, Mommsen, Merivale, and Leighton; and in the later
parts, and on special periods, to the writings of Hodgkin, Emerton, Ranke,
Freeman, Michaud, Bryce, Symonds, Green (J. R.), Motley, Hallam, Thiers,
Lecky, Baird, and Mueller.

Several of the colored maps, with which the book will be found liberally
provided, were engraved especially for my _Ancient History_; but the
larger number are authorized reproductions of charts accompanying
Professor Freeman's _Historical Geography of Europe_. The Roman maps were
prepared for Professor William F. Allen's _History of Rome_, which is to
be issued soon, and it is to his courtesy that I am indebted for their
use.

The illustrations have been carefully selected with reference to their
authenticity and historical truthfulness. Many of those in the Oriental
and Greek part of the work are taken from Oscar Jaeger's _Weltgeschichte_;
while most of those in the Roman portion are from Professor Allen's
forthcoming work on Rome, to which I have just referred, the author having
most generously granted me the privilege of using them in my work,
notwithstanding it is to appear in advance of his.

Further acknowledgments of indebtedness are also due from me to many
friends who have aided me with their scholarly suggestions and criticism.
My warmest thanks are particularly due to Professor W.F. Allen, of the
University of Wisconsin; to Dr. E.W. Coy, Principal of Hughes High School,
Cincinnati; to Professor William A. Merrill, of Miami University; and to
Mr. D. H. Montgomery, author of _The Leading Facts of History_ series.

P. V. N. M.
COLLEGE HILL, OHIO,
July, 1889.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PREFACE
LIST OF MAPS
GENERAL INTRODUCTION: THE RACES AND THEIR EARLY MIGRATIONS

PART I.

ANCIENT HISTORY.

SECTION I.--THE EASTERN NATIONS.

CHAPTER
      I. India and China.
         1. India.
         2. China.
     II. Egypt.
         1. Political History.
         2. Religion, Arts, and General Culture.
    III. Chaldaea.
         1. Political History.
         2. Arts and General Culture.
     IV. Assyria.
         1. Political History.
         2. Religion, Arts, and General Culture.
      V. Babylonia.
     VI. The Hebrews.
    VII. The Phoenicians.
   VIII. The Persian Empire.
         1. Political History.
         2. Government, Religion, and Arts.

SECTION II.--GRECIAN HISTORY.

     IX. The Land and the People.
      X. The Legendary or Heroic Age.
     XI. Religion of the Greeks.
    XII. Age of the Tyrants and of Colonization: the Early Growth of
         Sparta and of Athens.
         1. Age of the Tyrants and of Colonization.
         2. The Growth of Sparta.
         3. The Growth of Athens.
   XIII. The Graeco-Persian Wars.
    XIV. Period of Athenian Supremacy.
     XV. The Peloponnesian War: the Spartan and the Theban Supremacy.
         1. The Peloponnesian War.
         2. The Spartan and the Theban Supremacy.
    XVI. Period of Macedonian Supremacy: Empire of Alexander.
   XVII. States formed from the Empire of Alexander.
  XVIII. Greek Architecture, Sculpture, and Painting.
         1. Architecture.
         2. Sculpture and Painting.
    XIX. Greek Literature.
         1. Epic and Lyric Poetry.
         2. The Drama and Dramatists.
         3. History and Historians.
         4. Oratory.
     XX. Greek Philosophy and Science.
    XXI. Social Life of the Greeks.

SECTION III.--ROMAN HISTORY.

   XXII. The Roman Kingdom.
  XXIII. The Early Roman Republic: Conquest of Italy.
   XXIV. The First Punic War.
    XXV. The Second Punic War.
   XXVI. The Third Punic War.
  XXVII. The Last Century of the Roman Republic.
 XXVIII. The Last Century of the Roman Republic (_concluded_).
   XXIX. The Roman Empire (from 31 B.C. to A.D. 180).
    XXX. Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire in the West (A.D. 180-476).
   XXXI. Roman Civilization.
         1. Architecture.
         2. Literature, Philosophy, and Law.
         3. Social Life.

PART II.

MEDIAEVAL AND MODERN HISTORY.

INTRODUCTION.

SECTION I.--MEDIAEVAL HISTORY.

FIRST PERIOD.--THE DARK AGES.
(From the Fall of Rome, A.D. 476, to the Eleventh Century.)

  XXXII. Migrations and Settlements of the Teutonic Tribes.
 XXXIII. The Conversion of the Barbarians.
  XXXIV. Fusion of the Latin and Teutonic Peoples.
   XXXV. The Roman Empire in the East.
  XXXVI. Mohammed and the Saracens.
 XXXVII. Charlemagne and the Restoration of the Empire in the West.
XXXVIII. The Northmen.
  XXXIX. Rise of the Papal Power.

SECOND PERIOD.--THE AGE OF REVIVAL.
(From the opening of the Eleventh Century to the Discovery of America by
Columbus, in 1492.)

     XL. Feudalism and Chivalry.
         1. Feudalism.
         2. Chivalry.
    XLI. The Norman Conquest of England.
   XLII. The Crusades.
         1. Introductory: Causes of the Crusades.
         2. The First Crusade.
         3. The Second Crusade.
         4. The Third Crusade.
         5. The Fourth Crusade.
         6. Close of the Crusades: Their Results.
  XLIII. Supremacy of the Papacy: Decline of its Temporal Power.
   XLIV. Conquests of the Turanian Tribes.
    XLV. Growth of the Towns: The Italian City-Republics.
   XLVI. The Revival of Learning.
  XLVII. Growth of the Nations: Formation of National Governments
         and Literatures.
         1. England.
         2. France.
         3. Spain.
         4. Germany.
         5. Russia.
         6. Italy.
         7. The Northern Countries.

SECTION II. MODERN HISTORY.

INTRODUCTION

THIRD PERIOD.--THE ERA OF THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION.
(From the Discovery of America to the Peace of Westphalia, in 1648.)

 XLVIII. The Beginnings of the Reformation under Luther.
   XLIX. The Ascendency of Spain.
         1. Reign of the Emperor Charles V.
         2. Spain under Philip II.
      L. The Tudors and the English Reformation.
         1. Introductory.
         2. The Reign of Henry VII.
         3. England severed from the Papacy by Henry VIII.
         4. Changes in the Creed and Ritual under Edward VI.

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