>>> YOU ARE VIEWING A 200 LINE SAMPLE OF EBOOK# E00356 <<< TITLE: A DAY IN OLD ATHENS AUTHOR: WILLIAM STEARNS DAVIS EBOOK: E00356 (O'Briens Book Cellar) A Day in Old Athens By William Stearns Davis Professor of Ancient History in the University of Minnesota Preface This little book tries to describe what an intelligent person would see and hear in ancient Athens, if by some legerdemain he were translated to the fourth century B.C. and conducted about the city under competent guidance. Rare happenings have been omitted and sometimes, to avoid long explanations, PROBABLE matters have been stated as if they were ascertained facts; but these instances are few, and it is hoped no reader will be led into serious error. The year 360 B.C. has been selected for the hypothetical time of this visit, not because of any special virtue in that date, but because Athens was then architecturally almost perfect, her civic and her social life seemed at their best, the democratic constitution held its vigor, and there were few outward signs of the general decadence which was to set in after the triumph of Macedon. I have endeavored to state no facts and to make no allusions, that will not be fairly obvious to a reader who has merely an elementary knowledge of Greek annals, such information, for instance, as may be gained through a good secondary school history of ancient times. This naturally has led to comments and descriptions which more advanced students may find superfluous. The writer has been under a heavy debt to the numerous and excellent works on Greek "Private Antiquities" and "Public Life" written in English, French, or German, as well as to the various great Classical Encyclopedias and Dictionaries, and to many treatises and monographs upon the topography of Athens and upon the numerous phases of Attic culture. It is proper to say, however, that the material from such secondary sources has been merely supplementary to a careful examination of the ancient Greek writers, with the objects of this book kept especially in view. A sojourn in modern Athens, also, has given me an impression of the influence of the Attic landscape upon the conditions of old Athenian life, an impression that I have tried to convey in this small volume. I am deeply grateful to my sister, Mrs. Fannie Davis Gifford, for helpful criticism of this book while in manuscript; to my wife, for preparing the drawings from Greek vase-paintings which appear as illustrations; and to my friend and colleague, Professor Charles A. Savage, for a kind and careful reading of the proofs. Thanks also are due to Henry Holt and Company for permission to quote material from their edition of Von Falke's "Greece and Rome." W. S. D. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota. May, 1914. Contents. Page Maps, Plans, and Illustrations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii Chapter I. The Physical Setting of Athens. Section 1. The Importance of Athens in Greek History . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2. Why the Social Life of Athens is so Significant . . . . . . . . 1 3. The Small Size and Sterility of Attica . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4. The Physical Beauty of Attica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 5. The Mountains of Attica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6. The Sunlight in Attica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 7. The Topography of the City of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8. 360 B.C.--The Year of the Visit to Athens . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter II. The First Sights in Athens. 9. The Morning Crowds bound for Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 10. The Gate and the Street Scenes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 11. The Streets and House Fronts of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 12. The Simplicity of Athenian Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Chapter III. The Agora and its Denizens. 13. The Buildings around the Agora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 14. The Life in the Agora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 15. The Booths and Shops in the Agora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 16. The Flower and the Fish Vendors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 17. The Morning Visitors to the Agora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 18. The Leisured Class in Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 19. Familiar Types around the Agora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 20. The Barber Shops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Chapter IV. The Athenian House and its Furnishings. 21. Following an Athenian Gentleman Homeward . . . . . . . . . . . 26 22. The Type and Uses of a Greek House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 23. The Plan of a Greek House . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 24. Modifications in the Typical Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 25. Rents and House Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 26. The Simple yet Elegant Furnishings of an Athenian House . . . . 32 Chapter V. The Women of Athens. 27. How Athenian Marriages are Arranged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 28. Lack of Sentiment in Marriages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 29. Athenian Marriage Rites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 30. The Mental Horizon of Athenian Women . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 31. The Honor paid Womanhood in Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 32. The Sphere of Action of Athenian Women . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Chapter VI. Athenian Costume. 33. The General Nature of Greek Dress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 34. The Masculine Chiton, Himation, and Chlamys . . . . . . . . . . 44 35. The Dress of the Women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 36. Footwear and Head Coverings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 37. The Beauty of the Greek Dress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 38. Greek Toilet Frivolities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Chapter VII. The Slaves. 39. Slavery an Integral Part of Greek Life . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 40. The Slave Trade in Greece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 41. The Treatment of Slaves in Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 42. Cruel and Kind Masters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 43. The "City Slaves" of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 Chapter VIII. The Children. 44. The Desirability of Children in Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 45. The Exposure of Infants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 46. The Celebration of a Birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 47. Life and Games of Young Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 48. Playing in the Streets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 49. The First Stories and Lessons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 50. The Training of Athenian Girls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Chapter IX. The Schoolboys of Athens. 51. The Athenians Generally Literate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 52. Character Building the Aim of Athenian Education . . . . . . . 63 53. The Schoolboy's Pedagogue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 54. An Athenian School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 55. The School Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 56. The Study of the Poets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 57. The Greeks do not study Foreign Languages . . . . . . . . . . . 70 58. The Study of "Music" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 59. The Moral Character of Greek Music . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 60. The Teaching of Gymnastics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 61. The Habits and Ambitions of Schoolboys . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 62. The "Ephebi" . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 Chapter X. The Physicians of Athens. 63. The Beginnings of Greek Medical Science . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 64. Healing Shrines and their Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 65. An Athenian Physician's Office . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 66. The Physician's Oath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 67. The Skill of Greek Physicians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 68. Quacks and Charlatans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Chapter XI. The Funerals. 69. An Athenian's Will . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 70. The Preliminaries of a Funeral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 71. Lamenting the Dead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 72. The Funeral Procession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 73. The Funeral Pyre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 74. Honors to the Memory of the Dead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 75. The Beautiful Funeral Monuments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Chapter XII. Trade, Manufactures, and Banking. 76. The Commercial Importance of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 77. The Manufacturing Activities of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 78. The Commerce of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 79. The Adventurous Merchant Skippers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 80. Athenian Money-changers and Bankers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 81. A Large Banking Establishment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 82. Drawbacks to the Banking Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 83. The Pottery of Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98 84. Athenian Pottery an Expression of the Greek Sense of Beauty . . 99 Chapter XIII. The Armed Forces of Athens. 85. Military Life at Athens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 86. The Organization of the Athenian Army . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 87. The Hoplites and the Light Troops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 88. The Cavalry and the Peltasts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 89. The Panoply of the Hoplites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 90. The Weapons of a Hoplite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 91. Infantry Maneuvers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 92. The Preliminaries of a Greek Battle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 93. Joining the Battle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 94. The Climax and End of the Battle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 95. The Burial Truce and the Trophy after the Battle . . . . . . . 114 96. The Siege of Fortified Towns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 97. The Introduction of New Tactics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 <<< END OF SAMPLE... (THE FULL EBOOK HAS 454803 TOTAL CHARACTERS) >>>